Rinse the rice thoroughly under cold water until the water runs clear. This helps remove excess starch and prevents the rice from sticking together.
Soak the rice in cold water for 30 minutes. This step ensures that the grains cook evenly and become fluffy.
In a large pot, bring water to a boil. Add salt and the soaked rice. Cook the rice until it is parboiled, which means it is partially cooked but still has a slight bite to it. Drain the rice and set it aside.
In the same pot, melt butter and vegetable oil over medium heat. Add saffron threads, milk, raisins, cinnamon, orange zest and let them infuse the fat, releasing their vibrant color and aroma.
Carefully spread a layer of the parboiled rice on the bottom of the pot. This will form the base of the Tahdig.
Add the remaining rice, gently shaping it into a pyramid or dome shape. This helps create a space for the crust to form at the bottom.
Cover the pot with a clean kitchen towel or a tight-fitting lid to trap the steam. This will ensure that the rice cooks evenly and becomes tender.
Reduce the heat to low and let the rice cook for 30-40 minutes. The steam will create a crispy crust at the bottom, while the top layer of rice becomes fluffy and fragrant.
Once the rice is ready, remove the pot from the heat and let it rest for a few minutes. This allows the flavors to meld together and the crust to set.
To serve, carefully invert the pot onto a serving platter, allowing the crispy crust to come out first. The golden crust will be a delightful surprise for your guests.
Optional: Garnish with Pistachios